基于双重降维的森林景观格局综合评价模型研究与应用

Study and application of integrated evaluation model of forest landscape patterns based on dimension double reduction

在建立浦北县森林景观空间数据库和属性数据库的基础上,利用Fragstats软件计算出各镇森林景观格局指数,采用相关分析法和因子分析法对29个指数先后进行了降维,从而建立森林景观格局综合评价模型,并进行了综合评价。结果表明:(1)景观异质性特征因子、景观结构特征因子、景观形状特征因子、景观破碎化特征因子等4个公共因子可表达29个景观格局指数的主要信息。(2)综合得分值较高的景观具有如下特征:景观类型丰富,异质性高,则有利于物种生存;形状较为复杂,则边缘效应有利于物质能量交换;破碎化程度低,则人类干扰强度低。建立的森林景观格局综合评价模型评价效果好,符合实际情况。

On the basis of building forest landscape spatial database and attribute database in Pubei County,forest landscape pattern indices for each town were calculated by applying Fragstats.With reducing dimension by using correlation analysis method and factor analysis method,comprehensive evaluation model of forest landscape pattern was established,which was used to make comprehensive evaluation on Pubei County.The results show that：（1） The four common factors,which were respectively the factor of landscape heterogeneity characteristics,the factor of landscape structure characteristics,the factor of landscape shape characteristics and the factor of landscape fragmentation characteristics,could explain main information of 29 landscape pattern indices.（2） The landscape with high score had some characteristics as follows： it was beneficial to species survival that the landscape types were abundance and the heterogeneity was high,edge effect was good for energy and mass exchanges if the shape of landscape was relatively complicated,and the human disturbance intensity was weak if the fragmentation degree was low.The evaluated effect of this integrated evaluation model of forest landscape pattern was good,and was accordant with practical situation.