2种森林价值估算方法的对比分析——以湖南省南岳树木园为例

Comparative analysis of two methods to estimate forest value:A case study of the Nanyue Arboretum of Hunan Province

为认识森林的自然资源价值,探讨资源价值的评估方法,采用当代先进的生态服务价值评估法和能值评估法,对比分析研究了湖南省南岳树木园的货币价值和能值—货币价值,结果表明:(1)湖南省区域环境经济系统2006年的能值/货币比率为1.917 0×1012sej/$;(2)南岳树木园的森林财富价值达1 491.31×104元/(hm2.a)货币值和530.82×104元/(hm2.a)能值货币值;(3)生态效益价值比例占83.290%(生态服务价值)和98.756%(能值—货币值);(4)调节小气候以改善人居、旅游环境和维护生物多样性是南岳树木园森林的主导功能。2种评估方法都能体现森林所具有的自然资源价值属性,并有相似的价值组成趋势,只在衡量数值及组成量值的大小排序上存在差异。但能值评估使用能值这一统一衡量尺度,排除了人类主观支付意愿的影响,能真实反映森林资源的财富价值。

In order to estimate the value of forests as natural resources,and to develop effective methods for the value evaluation of natural resources,a case study was carried out in the Nanyue Arboretum of Hunan Province.We made a comparative analysis of two methods,ecological service value evaluation method and energy value evaluation method,in the evaluation of the currency value and energy-currency value of the Arboretum.The results show that：（1） the energy value/currency ratio is 1.9170×10^12sej/$ in 2006 in the economical-environmental system of Hunan Province;（2） the value of the forests in the Arboretum reaches 1491.31×10^4 Yuan/hm^2 in terms of the currency value and 530.82×10^4 Yuan/hm^2 in terms of the energy-currency value respectively;（3） the proportion of the ecological benefit value of the forests in the Arboretum accounts for 83.290%（ecological service value） and 98.756%（energy-currency value）;（4） the primary functions of the forests in the Arboretum are to adjust microclimate,improve human dwelling and traveling environment,and maintain biodiversity.From the results it is clear that both methods can effectively gauge the value of forests as natural resources,exhibiting similar tendency in value composition,only differing in the weight value and composition size.The energy value evaluation method,however,is not influenced by human subjective payment wish,and thus could more precisely reflect the value of forest resources.