东海中北部小眼绿鳍鱼食性的季节变化

Seasonal variation of food habits of chelidonichthys spinosus in the middle-northern East China Sea

根据2008年5月～2009年2月收集到的小眼绿鳍鱼胃含物样品，对其摄食习性的季节变化进行了研究。结果表明，小眼绿鳍鱼全年摄食的饵料种类数共有93种，磷虾类、长尾类和鱼类为其主要饵料类群。其食物组成存在季节差异，春季小眼绿鳍鱼以太平洋磷虾、脊腹褐虾和鳗鱼为主要食物；夏季以细巧仿对虾、脊腹褐虾、口虾姑和葛氏长臂虾为主要食物；秋季以太平洋磷虾、戴氏赤虾、细螯虾和鳗鱼为主要食物；冬季以鳗鱼、细螯虾、褐菖鼬和对虾为主要食物。摄食强度的季节变化呈显著差异（P〈0．05），春季最高，夏季最低；各个季节的主要饵料类群组成存在差异，但长尾类和鱼类在四个季节都有分布。通过与历史资料进行比较发现，东海小眼绿鳍鱼的食物组成与饵料生物的季节变化息息相关。

Stomach content of Chelidonichthys spinosus collected in middle-Northern East China Sea from May, 2008 to February, 2009 were analyzed in order to determine the seasonal variation of food habits of C. spinosus. Results showed that there were 93 species of prey ingested by C. spinosus, and Euphausids, Macrura and fishes were the dominant ones. The diet composition varied with season, the Euphausia pacifica, Crangon affinis and Engraulis japoninus were the dominant preys in spring, Parapenaeopsis tenella, C. affinis , Oratosquilla oratoria and Palaemon gravieri in summer, E. pacifica, Metapenaeopsis dalei, Leptochela gracilis and Engraulis japoninus in autumn, and E. japoninus, Leptochela gracilis, Sebastiscus marmoratus and Fenneropenaeus sp. in winter. The change of feeding intensity was significantly different among seasons （ P 〈 0.05 ）, which was highest in spring and lowest in summer; The major diet composition was also different among seasons, but the Euphausids and fishes existed in all seasons; Trophic diversity was not significantly different among seasons with the highest value in winter and lowest in spring. Compared with the previous studies, the diet composition of C. spinosus was closely related to the seasonal variation of food organism in East China Sea