两种呼吸道湿化法用于大面积烧伤合并中、重度吸入性损伤患者的护理比较

Comparison of the effect of two respiratory humidification methods for large area burned patients complicated by moderate or serious inhalation injury

【目的】探讨两种呼吸道湿化法用于大面积烧伤合并中、重度吸入性损伤患者呼吸道湿化的临床效果。【方法】选择2007年1月-2009年12月我科大面积烧伤患者120例,随机分为对照组和实验组,每组60例。实验组采用呼吸道输液泵持续湿化法,对照组采用呼吸道间断推注湿化法,比较两组患者痰痂形成、发生刺激性咳嗽、呼吸道粘膜出血及肺部感染情况。【结果】实验组痰痂形成、发生刺激性咳嗽、呼吸道粘膜出血的例数明显低于对照组(P<0.05),肺部感染发生率亦低于对照组(P<0.01)。【结论】呼吸道输液泵持续湿化法可以明显减少痰痂形成、刺激性咳嗽、呼吸道粘膜出血及肺部感染发生率,减少了护理人员工作量,提高了人工呼吸道护理质量。

[ Objective ] The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effects of respiratory humidification in large area burned patients. [Method] 120 cases of severe burn patients from January 2007 to December 2009 were randomly divided into control and experimental group, which 60 cases in each group. Experimental group was given continued respiratory humidification with infusion pump, and control group was given respiratory injection intermittently. Then compared the formation of sputum callus, irritable cough, respiratory mucosal bleeding and pulmonary infection of the two groups. [ Result] The cases of formation of sputum callus, irritable cough and respiratory mucosal bleeding in experimental group were significantly fewer than in control group （P 〈 0.05）. The rate of pulmonary infection in experimental group was also lower than in control group （P〈0.01）. [Conclusion] Continued respiratory humidification with infusion pump could significantly reduce the incidence rate of the formation of sputum callus, irritable cough, respiratory mucosal bleeding and pulmonary infection. At the same time, the application of this method could not only reduce the workload of the nurses, but also improve the quality of the care for artificial airway.