传统替代与再生：呼伦贝尔牧民政策适应比较研究

Traditional Substitution and Regeneration——A Comparative Study on Herdsmen's Adapation to Policies in Hulun Buir

选择呼伦贝尔两个生态环境和人文环境相同的嘎查进行比较研究。一方面试图揭示在生态环境条件差异巨大的地区不加区分地推行同一土地管理制度的弊端;另一方面,以两个嘎查在相同的政策环境下采取不同的应对策略所产生的大相径庭的生态及社会效应,说明对于任何新的资源利用政策都应基于本地区的生态和社会实际去选择对策,在政策空间内以传统知识去进行积极的适应则是一项值得深入探索的经验。

The paper conducts a comparative study on two Gachas in Hulun Buir that have the same ecological and cultural environment. On one hand,the author tries to point out the drawbacks of implementing the same land administration system in different areas that have largely different ecological environments. On the other hand,with the same policy environment,two Gachas that have taken different countermeasures produce totally different ecological and social effects. Therefore,any new policy of resource utilization should be based on local ecological and social reality. And the active adaptation with traditional knowledge within the policy space is an experience deserving in-depth study.