激光加热辅助切削氮化硅陶瓷实验研究

Experimental Research on Laser Assisted Machining of Silicon Nitride Ceramics

针对航空航天领域广泛应用的氮化硅陶瓷材料,采用激光加热辅助的方法进行了切削实验研究。分析了激光能量、切削深度、切削速度、进给量等加工参数对切削力及比切削能的影响规律;采用SEM对加工过程中产生的连续切屑进行观测分析,探讨了加热辅助切削的材料塑性去除及切屑形成机理;分析了不同切削状态的刀具磨损形式及磨损原因;测试了加工后的表面粗糙度与表面形貌,表明激光加热辅助切削氮化硅陶瓷可以在保证加工效率的同时得到良好的加工质量,并且不产生亚表面裂纹。

A laser assisted machining（LAM） for silicon nitride ceramics used widely in Aeronautics and Astronautics fields is performed for a wide range of operating conditions.The effects of machining parameters such as laser power,cutting depth,cutting speed,feed rate etc.on cutting forces and specific cutting energy are investigated.Material plasticity removal and continuous chip formation mechanisms are inferred from scanning electron microscopy observations for the chips.The forms and causes of tool wear are analyzed for different cutting conditions.Machined surface are compared between workpieces produced by LAM and grinding respectively,showing no detectable sub-surface cracking or significant changes in microstructure,.The evidence shows that the laser assisted machining is able to achieve high machining efficiency with good workpiece surface and reasonable levels of tool wear.