“五经”和《黄帝内经》中“瘧、“蛊”词义探析

The meaning of ＂nue＂ and ＂gu＂ in the Five Classical Canons and Huangdi Neijing （ Yellow Emperor＇s Inner Canon ）

作为儒家经典的“五经”中有很多中医药学名词，如“瘧”和“蛊”。其中，春秋时期“瘧”有“暴病”、“寒疾”的含义，至战国时期则开始作为病症名词，称为“瘧疾”，“暴病”、“寒疾”的含义消失。《黄帝内经》中有专论论述疟疾。“蛊”的本义为毒虫，后引申为能够害人的毒虫，因而有了蓄蛊害人、蛊病、蛊毒、腹中虫之说。“蛊”在《周易》中为蛊卦，后人解释为“心神惑乱之疾”，在《左传》和《黄帝内经》中均有记载。

There were many terms of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in the Confucian Five Classical Canons, such as nue and gu. Among them, nue had the meaning of ＂sudden disease＂ or ＂cold disease＂ in the Spring and Autumn Period, which were changed to a name of disease, nue disease in the Warring States Period. In the Huangdi Neijing （ Yellow Emperor＇ s Inner Canon） , there was a special trea- tise to discuss it. The original meaning of gu was poisonous insect, and then was explicated to a insect cau- sing harm to people. Therefore, gu had the meaning of gathering gu for harming people, gu disease, gu poi- son and bug in the abdomen. Gu was recorded as a divinatory symbols in the Zhou Yi （ The Book of Change） , explained as a disease of heart-spirit confusion by later generations. Also, it was recorded in the Zuo Zhuan （The Commentary of Zuo Qiuming） and Huangdi Neijing.