核能与聚变裂变混合能源堆

Nuclear energy and fusion-fission hybrid reactor for pure energy production

未来20年将是核能发展的一个关键时期.2035年左右,快堆有望投入商用;磁约束聚变、激光聚变、Z箍缩聚变也都有演示堆计划.聚变演示堆存在纯聚变与聚变裂变混合能源堆两种可能,而后者可降低聚变功率,缓解高能中子对材料的辐照损伤.另外,氘氚聚变供能时间有限.文章介绍了混合能源堆的概念.能源堆可充分利用铀资源,且后处理不涉及铀钚分离,有很好的防扩散性能.裂变堆、聚变堆、能源堆共同发展,可望使核能在不太长的时间内获得大规模应用,并可为人类提供千年以上的能源供应.

The next two decades are very critical for nuclear energy development.The commercial fast reactor may be in use around 2035;it is also possible that magnetically confined fusion,laser fusion and z-pinch fusion will be demonstrated at that time.A fusion demonstration reactor can be a pure fusion or a fusion-fission hybrid.The latter can lower the fusion power and mitigate the radiation damage of high energy neutrons to materials.On the other hand,the supply of deuterium and tritium as fuel for fusion can only last a few hundred years.We describe here a hybrid for pure energy use which can make full use of uranium and is proliferation resistant,as no separation of uranium and plutonium is needed in post-processing.The union of fission,fusion,and a pure energy hybrid can contribute to the large scale use of nuclear energy in the near future,and supply mankind for more than a thousand years.