小麦胚乳醇溶蛋白组分的遗传研究

Inheritance of Gliadin Components in the Wheat Endosperm

用酸性聚丙烯酸胺凝胶电泳（A-PAGE，pH3．1）研究了4对醇溶蛋白群（Block）和19个组分在杂种后代的遗传特点。用已知醇溶蛋白Block（等位基因）组成的标准品种鉴定了2个亲本Sana和Francuska4对Block，即Alm和Alf，Ble和Bib，A2f和A21，D2m和D2g，它们分别由同源群1和6组染色体短臂上的Gli-1和Gli2位点编码。正反交F1和F2世代群体的遗传分析显示，每对醇溶蛋白Block呈共显性遗传，由一个等位位点支配，并观察到明显的基因剂量效应。19个不同醇溶蛋白组分的遗传分析表明，16个组分由显性单基因控制，3个组分则受控于两对等位基因。

Inheritance of four pairs of gliadin blocks and 19 bands in the F, and F, genera-tions from reciprocal crosses was studied by using acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(A-PAGE). The gliadin block compositions in the two parents at four loci (Gli-Al,Gli-Bl,Gli-A2 and Gli-D2) were identified on the basis of known standard cultivars. They are A1mand B1e, A2f and D2m in Sana and A1f and B1b, A21 and D2g in Francuska. Genetic analy-sis showed that blocks of gliadin components are inherited codominantly and each pair ofblocks are controlled by allelic loci. The evident gene dosage effects of gliadin blocks wereobserved in the triploid endosperm from F1,F2 generations of reciprocal crosses. Segregationof gliadin components in the F, generation showed that, among 19 bands investigated, l6bands appeared to be controlled by one dominant gene, while 3 others were coded by twopairs of alleles.