小麦异源(黑麦)重组系强优势杂交组合筛选研究

STUDY ON THE SELECTION OF CROSSES WITH STRONG HETEROSIS FROM WHEAT-RYE RECOMBINIANT

利用小麦异源（黑麦）重组系异源２号与１１５个品种（系）组配了杂交组合。按穗粒重从中初选出２２个强优势组合，然后对各组合的抽穗期、株高、有效穗、小穗数、穗粒数、千粒重和穗粒重等性状，分别进行了对照优势、平均优势、母本优势和父本优势分析。在此基础上，经综合评定，筛选出４个相对最佳强优势组合，即ＳＷ９０－２３２１／异源２号、绵阳２６／异源２号、４５６６１／异源２号、绵阳９４－３３４／异源２号。结果分析表明，异源２号是一个综合性状优良的亲本，与一些千粒重高、成熟期早的品种（系）组配组合，可望筛选出符合育种目标的高产强优势杂交种。

A wheat-rye recombinant, Yiyuan 2 was crossed with 115 varieties or lines. According to grain weight per spike, 22 crosses with strong heterosis were selected out primarily. Therefore, the standard, mid-, male and female parent heterosis of 7 traits, including heading date, plant height, spike number per plant, spikelet number per spike, grain number per spike, 1000 grain weight and grain weight per spike ,were analyzed respectively. Through comprehensive evaluation,4 relatively better crosses with strong heterosis, namely SW90-2321/Yiyuan 2, Mianyang26/Yiyuan 2, 45661/Yiyuan 2 and Mianyang 94-334/Yiyuan 2, were selected out. The results showed that Yiyuan 2 was an excellent parent. If it was crossed with another parent with high 1000 grain weight and early mature traits, some strong heterotic hybrid varieties with high yield in accord with breeding goals might be selected out to apply for the production.