水稻雄性不育性及其分子标记辅助选择

Male Sterility in Rice and Its Molecular Marker Assisted Selection

综述了水稻质核互作雄性不育性及光温敏雄性不育性的遗传规律及分子标记辅助选择。质核互作雄性不育性由细胞质不育基因（Ｓ）和两对隐性细胞核基因（ｒ１ｒ１ｒ２ｒ２）控制，为孢子体不育的典败类型。光温敏核不育系，长日高温雄性不育，短日低温雄性可育，其不育性受两对隐性基因（ｐｍ１ｐｍ１ｐｍ２ｐｍ２）控制，与细胞质无关，为孢子体不育的典败类型。ｐｍ１位于第７染色体，上与分子标记ＲＧ４７７的遗传距离３．５ｃＭ，下与ＲＧ５１１和ＲＺ２７２相距１５．０ｃＭ；ｐｍ２位于第３染色体，下与ＲＧ１９１和ＲＧ２６６相距７．０ｃＭ，上与ＲＧ３４８相距１０．６ｃＭ。经进一步定位，并找到分子标记的序列靶位点进行以多聚酶链式反应为基础的限制性片段长度多态性扩增，就可以对水稻雄性不育性进行分子标记辅助选择。

The genetics of cytoplasm nuclear male sterility(CNMS) and photoperiod thermo sensitive genetic male sterility(PTSGMS) in rice and their molecular marker assisted selection(MAS) were expounded comprehensively. The CNMS of wild abortive cytoplasm(WA), which is controlled by the cytoplasm male sterile gene(S) and two pairs of recessive nuclear genes(r 1r 1r 2r 2),is the sporophyte male sterile and typic power sterile type. The PTSGMS lines are male sterile under long days and high temperature and male fertile under short days and low temperature. The PTSGMS, which is controlled by two pairs of recessive nuclear genes(pm 1pm 1pm 2pm 2), no relation with cytoplasm, is also the sporophyte male sterile and typic power sterile type. The pm 1 locates on chromosome 7,3.5 cM from DNA marker RG477 up,15.0 cM from RG511 and RZ272 down. The pm 2 locates on chromosome 3,10.6 cM from RG348 up,7.0 cM from RG191 and RG266 down.By fine mapping and restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) analysis on the seqence tagged sites(STS) of DNA markers amplified by PCR(polymerase chain reaction) based amplification(PBA) , marker assisted selection of rice male sterility is feasible.