高山濒危药用植物胡黄连组织结构与环境适应性研究

Anatomy and Adaptation to Environment Study of Endangered Alpine Medical Plant Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora

目的:对濒危高山药用植物胡黄连进行组织结构、高山环境适应性研究。方法:常规石蜡切片法和叶表皮临时制片法。结果:胡黄连多数植株地上茎不明显,极少数的植株有明显而直立的地上茎;叶片为等面叶,叶表面存在2种类型腺毛,气孔为不定式;地上茎中存在发达的机械组织,根状茎中分布有木栓层、厚角组织;叶片、地上茎、根状茎中均有大量通气组织分布。结论:胡黄连组织中存在适应高山环境的典型构造,但也有明显区别于其它高山植物的特异特征,高山植物对环境适应方式具有多样性。

Objective：To study the anatomical structure of endangered alpine medical plant Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora and the high altitude adaptability.Methods： The leaf epidermis character as well as section structure of leaf,aerial stem and rhizome were observed by light microscopical technique.Results： The leaf surface of Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora was covered with two kinds of glandular hair,and the stommata was anomocytic type.Moreover,the leaf was isolateral and differed from most of alpine plant.The aerial stem had well-developed mechanical tissue.The rhizome was distributed by well-developed cork layers and collenchyma.Large numbers of aerenchymas distributed widely in leaf,aerial stem and rhizome.Conclusion： There existed characteristic traits in Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora that adapted the alpine environment,however,there still had some particular character different from other alpine plant.Thus,the adaptive style of alpine plant to high altitude environment was diversity.