精神病患者住院前后自杀行为分析及护理干预

Analysis of suicide behavior of psychotics before and during hospitalization and nursing intervention

目的:分析精神病患者自杀的潜在危险因素,探讨如何从护理角度进一步预防住院精神病患者的自杀行为。方法:对2004年1月至2008年12月住院且在住院前后有自杀史的258例患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:258例患者住院前的自杀方式以服毒、自缢、割腕、跳楼居多,住院后的自杀方式以自缢居多;出院后自杀成功7例,住院期间自杀成功1例。结论:住院精神病患者自杀具有一定的规律性,通过增强护理防范意识,及早对患者实施有针对性的护理干预,可预防、降低患者的自杀成功率。

Objective： To analyze the dangerous factors about suicide behavior of psychotics and to explore the prevention method. Methods： The clinic data of 258 psychotics with suicide history who hospitalized during Jan 2004 to Dec 2008 was analyzed. Results： Most psychotics committed suicide by taking poison, hanging, cutting wrist, jumping from a building before hospitalization, and by hanging during hospitalization. There were one suicide during hospitalization and seven suicides after discharge. Conclusion： Suicide committed by psychotics has some law. Strengthening prevention awareness and implementing nursing prevention as soon as possible can prevent and decrease suicide.