垄沟和漫灌单元处理污水效果的研究

THE STUDY FOR SEWAGE TREATMENT EFFICIENCY OF CHANNEL-DYKE AND BROAD IRRIGATION SYSTEMS

开展了以１１种植物为植被的漫灌和垄沟系统处理效果的比较研究，以皇草（Ｐｅｎｎｉｓｅｔｕｍ ｐｕｒｐｕｒｅｍ ｓｃｈｕｍａｃｈ×Ｐｅｎｎｉｓｅｔｕｍ ａｌｏｐｅｃｕｒｏｉｄｅ（Ｌ．）Ｓｐｒｅｎｇ Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ）为植被的垄沟系统具有较高的净化效能，其总磷、磷酸盐、总氮、氨氮、ＣＯＤｃｒ和ＢＯＤ５的去除率分别为８３．２、８３．６、７６．３、７４．９、７３．５和８５．８％。以水稻Ⅰ－远诱１号（８８－１３２）（Ｏｒｙｚａ ｓａｔｉｖａ Ｌ．）或水稻Ⅱ－Ｓｕａｋｏｋｏ８（Ｏｒｙｚａ ｇｌａｂｅｒｒｉｍａ）为植被的漫灌系统及以扁穗牛鞭草（Ｈｅｍａｒｔｈｒｉａｃｏｍｐｒｅｓｓａ（Ｌ．Ｆ）Ｒ．Ｂｒ）为植被的垄沟系统也具有一定的净化效能；秋冬季加设塑料大棚，可提高垄沟系统的净化效能。漫灌和垄沟系统的处理效果与其植被植物的生物质产量和种植管理方式相关。

The treatment efficiency of the channel-dyke and broad irrigation systemswith eleven kinds of plants was studied. The channel-dyke system with napiergrass(Pennisetam purpurem Schumach. ×Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng American)had high treatment efficiency, the removal rates of TP, Phosphate, TN, NH3-N,CODcr and BOD5 were 83.2, 83.6, 76.3, 74.9, 73.5 and 85.8%, respechvely. TheOLF systems with rice I-yuanyou No. 1(88-132) (Oryza sativa L.) and riceⅡ-suakoko8 (Oryza glaberrima) and the channel-dyke unit with flattened hemarthria(Hemarthria compressa (L. F) R.Br) also had high treatment efficiency. In autumnand winter, the treatment efficiency could be improved by using the plastic shed. Thetreatment efficiency of the channel-dyke and the broad irrigation systems couldcorrelate with the yield of biomass and the planting mode of the plant.