山区资源环境承载力研究现状与关键问题

Discussion on mountain area resource and environment carrying capacity

承载力是度量区域可持续发展的重要参量。本文辨析了资源环境承载力、区域承载力和生态承载力概念的内涵差异,回顾了资源环境承载力的研究历程,探讨了山区资源环境承载力研究中存在的问题。研究认为,目前国内外对山区资源环境综合承载力的研究仍显不足,其系统性有待于深化。主要问题在于:理论体系尚不成熟,仍待继续完善;研究方法和技术手段不足,影响理论发展;多于静态评价分析,少于动态预测研究;山区资源环境承载力研究套用平原研究模式,未充分贴合山区自身特点。基于前瞻性,资源环境承载力研究需要进一步完善理论体系,深入探索其定量研究的技术和方法,充分重视山区资源环境承载力所具有的"国家性"特征,深刻认识山区少数民族文化因素对资源环境承载力的影响,更好地把握山区资源环境承载力的空间分异特征,从而使资源环境承载力研究成果更具有指导性。

Carrying capacity is an important parameter to measure region sustainable development.This article briefly discriminated the relevant concepts of resource and environment carrying capacity,region carrying capacity and ecological carrying capacity,and also reviewed the process of carrying capacity research development at home and abroad.Moreover,the paper discussed the shortcomings and problems and finally suggested several key issues of the research in future.It found that the studies of mountain area resource and environment carrying capacity were very insufficient,and the shortages in the correlative studies mainly displayed as： the theoretical system of carrying capacity had not been constructed completely;the lack of effective methods impeded the development of theory;most of researches focused on the static analysis but rarely engaged in dynamic forecast;the studies on mountain area resource and environment carrying capacity applied mechanically the research pattern of the plain area,which did not correspond to the mountain area＇s reality.Aiming at the above disadvantages,the author pointed out that perfecting the theory system frame of resource and environment carrying capacity,exploring the quantitative research methods of resource and environment carrying capacity in depth,and paying great attention to the mountain area resource and environment carrying capacity＇s characteristic of a nation,the influence of minority nationalities culture on resource and environment carrying capacity and the mountain area resource and environment carrying capacity＇s characteristic of spatial differentiation were five important issues for further study.