当代西方国家逆民营化兴起的动因分析

An Analysis of the Causes of Reverse Privatization in Contemporary Western Countries

民营化并非通往市场的单行道,而是一个包含了从民营化到逆民营化的动态发展过程。经历了20世纪90年代的发展高峰之后,逆民营化的兴起成为当代西方民营化发展的一种新取向。其兴起既与国际时代背景的变化有关,也与公共行政理论的转换相关,还受民营化失败的直接推动,各方面原因共同形成了民营化的逆向发展趋势。其更深层次所反映的是人们对政府与市场作用的重新认识。

Privatization is not a one way street to market, but a dynamic process which can go the other way around, namely from privatization to reverse privatization. Since development reached its peak in the 1990s, reverse privatization has become the new trend of privatization in contemporary western countries. Several factors have fueled this new trend, including the change of international background, the transformation of public administration theory, and the failure of privatization. The new trend reflects people＇s reinterpretation of the role of the government and the market.