学校环境对大学生社会适应影响的多因素分析

Multiple Factors Analysis on the Relation between College Environment and Social Adjustment of Undergraduates

[目的]探索影响大学生社会适应状况的学校环境因素,为进一步研究提高我国大学生社会适应能力的措施提供依据。[方法]2008年,采用大学生社会适应状况量表和影响因素问卷,对福州市大学生进行调查,对结果进行单因素和多因素分析。[结果]调查1904名大学生,其中有效的1844名,各条目平均得分为1.490～3.277;多元线性回归分析结果,对勤工俭学制度、特困补助制度的认知度越高,社会适应状况量表得分越低;可选修到兴趣课程、获得老师帮助、宿舍讨论学习、同学之间互助、有社会实践经验、对教师授课满意度越高者,社会适应状况越好。相对满意度<30%,满意度30%～、60%～>80%所对应的相关系数分别为-6.270、-12.541、-15.341,认为教师经常、较常、偶尔课堂教授学习方法的相对于从不教授学习方法与大学生社会适应状况得分的相关系数分别为-25.838、-21.079、-15.817。[结论]对教师授课、选修课程种类的认可和满意,小群体讨论、同学互助、老师给予帮助、参加社会实践有助于大学生的社会适应。

[Objective] To explore the influential factors of social adjustment of undergraduates,so as to provide basis for the further research on improving the abilities of social adjustment of undergraduates in China.[Methods]In 2008,an investigation was operated in undergraduates in Fuzhou.Multiple linear regression was used in analysis on influential factors of undergraduates＇social adjustment.[Results]Investigation was made among 1 904 students,of which 1 844 valid,the average entry score was 1.490~3.277;Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the higher in the recognition in the work-study system,SHC grants recognition system,the lower in the social adjustment scores;the higher in selecting interested courses,getting the teachers＇ help,discussing studies in dormitories,mutual help among the students,social experience,the satisfaction of teachers＇ lectures,the better in social adaptation.Relative satisfaction with 30%,30% satisfied,60% corresponding to 80% of the correlation coefficients were-6.270,-12.541,-15.341respectively,that teachers frequently,more frequently,occasionally teaching at classes to learn methods of learning corresponding to never teaching students,the social adjustment scores with the correlation coefficients were-25.838,-21.079,-15.817 respectively.[Conclusion]Recognition and satisfaction to teachers＇ lectures,selective courses,small group discussions,peer support,teachers＇help,and participation in social practice help students＇ social adaptation.