胶原材料在药物缓释载体中的应用

Application of collagen materials in drug delivery carrier

目的:探讨胶原材料在药物缓释载体中的应用情况,寻找新的组织工程替代物。方法:由第一作者采用电子检索的方式检索1993-01/2009-10维普数据库(http://www.cqvip.com/)及Pubmed数据库(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed)有关胶原材料在药物缓释剂中应用的文献,检索词为"组织工程,胶原材料,组织相容性,药物缓释载体,临床应用"。排除内容重复、Meta分析类文章后筛选纳入25篇文献进一步评价。结果:胶原材料在临床应用于皮肤损伤修复、软骨损伤修复、创伤止血等,并做为工程支架材料构建心肌组织。胶原材料具有高拉伸强度、生物降解性能、低抗原活性、低刺激性和低细胞毒以及促进细胞生长的性能。因而是一种理想的生物医用材料和药物载体。由于生长因子的半衰期通常较短,而胶原由于其良好的水溶性而不宜直接被作为生长因子的缓释载体使用。乳酸/羟基乙酸共聚物以其水不溶性、良好的生物相容性和生物可降解性而被广泛应用于缓释载体的构建中。结论:胶原材料虽然是一种理想的生物医用材料和药物载体,但在各种临床应用和药物载体的使用中效果差异很大,这是源于缓释载体构建中的很多问题仍没得到解决。虽然目前天然生物材料成为研究的热点,但是如何使胶原材料更符合药物载体的要求,这就迫切需要解决载体构建的问题,最终实现胶原材料的充分应用达到组织修复的目的。

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the application of collagen materials as drug delivery carrier, and to search a new tissue engineered alternative. METHODS： Using ＂tissue engineering, collagen materials, histocompatibility, drug delivery carrier, clinical application＂ in Chinese as the key words, a computer search was performed in VIP database （http：//www.cqvip.com/） and Pubmed database （http：//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed） between January 1993 and October 2009 for articles about the collagen materials applied in drug delivery. The repeated study or Meta analysis articles were excluded. Totally 25 articles focusing on collagen-based materials in the drug delivery carrier were involved in further analysis. RESULTS： Clinical application of collagen material is involved in skin damage repair, cartilage damage repair and wound bleeding, etc., as well as constructing myocardial tissue as tissue engineering scaffolds. Collagen materials have high tensile strength, biodegradability, low antigenicity, low irritant and low cell toxicity, also can promote cell growth. Therefore collagen is an ideal biomedical material and drug carrier. As the half life of growth factor is usually short, and collagen cannot directly serve as a growth factor delivery carrier because of its good water-solubility. Lactic acid/glycolic acid copolymer has been widely used in the construction of sustained-release carrier due to water insolubility, good biocompatibility and biodegradability. CONCLUSION： Although the collagen material is an ideal biomedical material and drug carrier, it exhibits different effects in a variety of clinical applications and drug carriers, which is due to many insolvable problems in the construction of sustained-release vector. The natural biological materials are the current hot spot, but how to make collagen materials meet drug carrier requirements is an urgent need to solve the vector construction, and ultimately fully apply collagen material and achieve the goal of tissue repair.