药物纳米微囊系统载体在骨科领域的研究与进展

Research and advances of drug nanocapsule system carrier in orthopedic field

背景:药物纳米微囊系统载体是使药效最大化的基础,目前研究发现该载体不仅可携载药物或含有药物,还可作为修复骨缺损、促进骨再生的材料。目的:综述药物纳米微囊系统载体在骨科领域应用研究的现状。方法:应用计算机检索Elsevier全文数据库及中国维普中文科技期刊数据库。资料检索时间为2005/2009。分次输入检索词检索文献,所有英文检索词为"drug nanocapsule,delivery,calciumphosphate cement,bone cement,titanium,coral hydroxyapatite,nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen,antibiotic/antibiotics,bonedefect,bone regeneration"。所有中文检索词为"药物载体,纳米微囊,自固化人工骨,骨水泥,同种异体骨,钛/钛合金材料,抗生素,骨修复,骨再生"。纳入与骨科领域中药物微囊系统载体治疗感染、修复骨缺损、促进骨再生等相关的文献。排除相关度不大和重复性文章。结果与结论:药物纳米微囊系统载体是目前较理想的药物载体。它与传统的给药方法相比,可以控制药物的释放,将药物浓聚在病灶组织,因此当它载有骨生长因子或药物治疗骨骼疾病时,能够以较小的剂量达到最优化的效果。但是由于药物纳米微囊系统载体仍处于研究的初级阶段,因此对于它与机体的相互作用机制以及它对药物的生物活性、药效的确切作用等仍有待进一步研究。

BACKGROUND：Drug nanocapsule system carrier is the fundament of maximizing drug effect.It is now documented that drug nanocapsule system carrier can not only load drug or drug-loaded nanocapsules but also be a scaffold for the repair of bone defect and bone regeneration.OBJECTIVE：To review current situation of drug nanocapsule system carrier in orthopedics.METHODS：A computer-based online search of Elsevier（http：//www.sciencedirect.com/） and VIP（http：//202.121.226.3/index.asp） was performed for English and Chinese articles with all the keywords ＂drug nanocapsule,delivery,calcium phosphate cement,bone cement,titanium,coral hydroxyapatite,nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen,antibiotic/antibiotics,bone defect,bone regeneration＂ in English and Chinese.Inclusive criteria：Researches about drug nanocapsule system carrier in treating infection,bone defect repair and bone regeneration facilitation.Irrelevant or repetitive articles were excluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Drug nanocapsule system carrier is an ideal vehicle for medicine.Compared with traditional drug administration,it controls release of medicine and concentrates medicine in a focus.So when it carries growth factor or medicine,it can maximize the effect with minimal dose.However,it is under exploration,and questions require further validation as to its interaction with human body and effect on bioactivity of medicine.