中国的气象服务及其效益评估

China's meteorological services and its effectiveness evaluation

气象事业是科技型、基础性社会公益事业,气象服务是气象事业的出发点和归宿点。首先分析了气象服务的概念,确立了气象服务的内涵与外延以及分类情况,明确了气象服务在整个气象业务体系中的定位,并探讨了气象服务的经济属性。从气象情报信息服务和气象预报信息服务的角度介绍了中国气象信息服务的情况。从人工影响天气技术、农业气象工程服务技术、雷电灾害防御技术介绍了中国气象工程服务及其技术的情况。从多个学科的理论与方法的角度出发,系统的介绍了气象服务效益的主要评估方法和技术,同时介绍了中国目前气象服务效益评估的基本情况。最后,文章针对目前中国气象服务的现状,提出了一些建议。

This article first analyzes the concept of meteorological services,and establishes its connotation and denotation,as well as classification.Based on a number of subject theories and methods,the system introduces the main assessment methods and techniques of the effectiveness of meteorological services systematically.At the same time,according to the different qualities of meteorological services＇ effectiveness,it introduces the basic situation of China＇s assessment of the effectiveness of meteorological services.Finally,the article which put forward the problems existing in the study of China＇s assessment of the effectiveness of meteorological services provides several improving methods.