摘要
采用钢罐采样-气相色谱/质谱法,采集并分析了上海市主要交通干道和隧道废气样品中挥发性有机物(VOCs)的污染水平。分析结果表明,交通干道和隧道废气样品的总挥发性有机污染物(TVOC)质量浓度分别为(227.1±40.9)、(2209.9±1228.0)μg/m3;隧道废气样品中的TVOC浓度是交通干道平均浓度的4.3～15.2倍;交通干道废气样品中VOCs主要组分与隧道废气样品中VOCs主要组分非常类似,说明交通干道废气样品中VOCs主要来源于机动车尾气排放。交通干道废气样品中TVOC的.OH消耗速率为(17.21±4.49)s-1,延安东路隧道和打浦路隧道废气样品中TVOC的.OH消耗速率分别为(300.37±120.78)、(138.09±25.30)s-1,烯烃对TVOC的.OH消耗速率贡献最大,其对废气化学反应活性贡献率在70%以上。交通干道和隧道废气样品中关键活性组分是C2～C5的烯烃组分,这些组分也是机动车尾气中的特征污染物,因此可以判断机动车尾气是上海市大气化学反应活性的最大贡献者。
The volatile organic compounds（VOCs）pollution situation on the arterial roads and tunnels in Shanghai was evaluated based on the canister sampling and GC/MS method.Results showed that the mass concentration of total volatile organic compounds（TVOC）on arterial roads and tunnels were（227.1±40.9）and（2 209.9±1 228.0）μg/m3 respectively;The TVOC concentration in tunnels was 4.3-15.2 times of that on arterial roads.Concentrations of ethene,toluene,and ethane were higher than other compounds both on the arterial roads and in tunnels.The ·OH-reactivity of total volatile organic compounds on the arterial roads,in the east Yan＇an road tunnel and Dapu road tunnel were（17.21±4.49）,（300.37±120.78）,（138.09±25.30）s-1 respectively.Alkene contributed more than 70% of the VOCs reactivity.Ethene,propylene,1-tubylene were the top three compounds which had highest ·OH-reactivity.The correlation coefficient of VOCs percentage composition between arterial roads and tunnels were 0.73 and 0.65,which showed that arterial roads were more easily impacted by vehicle exhaust emissions.
出处
《环境污染与防治》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第6期19-26,共8页
Environmental Pollution & Control
基金
国家"863计划"项目(No.2007AA06Z409)
