新生代农民工融入城市的预期与构想——以珠三角“民工荒”为例

Expectations of the New Generation of Migrant Workers:A Case Study of Labor Shortage in Pearl River Delta

新生代农民工的社会心理比较脆弱,他们虽然生活在城市,却无法融入城市。每年春节前后,人们都在关注农民工返乡与回厂问题,于是产生一个热门话题——"民工荒"。"民工荒"是真荒还是假荒?"民工荒"的真正原因何在?值得一辩。如今,新生代农民工已经登上了城镇化进程的舞台,并成为新产业工人阶层的主体部分。新生代农民工往往把自己看成"准城里人",希望在公民权利、择业就业、工资待遇、生活方式、社会保障等方面,能够与城里人享有同等待遇,他们不再是廉价的劳动力。

The new generation of migrant workers is more psychologically vulnerable. They hardly find their positions in the city even though they live and work there. Every year around the Spring Festival, the ＂movement＂ of migrant workers has always been a hot issue, referred sometimes as ＂labor shortage＂ . The meaning of this term and the reasons behind it are debatable. Today, the new generation of migrant workers has been playing an important part in urbanization and becoming the main component of a new class of industrial workers. They deem themselves as ＂quasi-citizens＂ , hoping to enjoy equal treatment to citizens in terms of civil rights, employment, wages, lifestyle, social security and so on. They no longer equal to cheap labor forces.