地震后受灾群体生活质量研究

Quality of life in a rural community sample affected by an earthquake

目的：调研我国地震后受灾群体的生活质量及影响因素，方法：张北尚义地震后３个月，在受灾最重的乡整群抽取两个自然村１８－６０岁村民计３３５人，采用ＷＨＯＱＯＬ－ＢＲＥＦ等工具进行生活质量及相关因素调查。结果：１）地震后受灾群体生活质量受到影响，在生理、心理及环境维度与对照组的差异有显著性，受损最严重的为环境维度；２）尽管受灾群体的生活质量受到影响，但总体而言，仍保持在较好水平，社会关系维度与对照组无明显差异；３）对受灾程度不同的两组灾民的比较和多元回归分析提示，生活质量受多种因素影响，灾后获得的援助以及对支持援助的满意度是十分重要的因素之一；但是，对这一结果的解释应该慎重。

Objective To assess quality of life(QOL)in a earthquake affected rural community sample by using WHOQOL BREF and three subscales of Symptoms Checklist 90.Method A total of 335 subjects from two villages at different distances from epicenter completed the questionnaires 3 months after the earthquake.Result Compared to control group,the earthquake victims reported significantly poorer quality of life in multiple domains measured in WHO QOL,though their QOL level remained rather well(mean domain scores ranged 2 91 to 3 81 in 5 point scales).Contradicted to the hypothesis,the inhabitants in the village further away from the epicenter had more physical complaints and suffered from more psychological distress.Conclusion The results suggested subsequent adversary and social support following a disaster have major effects on QOL of victims.