地震后创伤性应激障碍的发生率及影响因素

Prevalence and predictors of PTSD after earthquake:Findings from a randomized community sample in north China

目的：研究地震后创伤性应激障碍的发生率及影响因素，方法：在张北尚义地震灾区距震中不同距离两村随机抽取１８１名灾民进行临床检查，根据ＤＳＭ－Ⅳ的诊断标准，结果：所调查的受灾群体中，急性应激障碍（ＡＳＤ）的发生率为６．１％，３个月内创伤后应激障碍（ＰＴＳＤ）的发生率为１８．８％，震后三个月的现患率为７．２％。Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析表明，女性、对物质支持满意度低、震后分离症状多的个体患ＰＴＳＤ的危险性高。就受灾程度不同的两个群体进行比较发现，受灾程度不是ＰＴＳＤ发生与否的决定性因素。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD)in a Chinese rural area affected by an earthquake.Method One hundred eighty one subjects,sampled randomly from two villages at different distances from epicenter,were assessed for acute stress disorder(ASD)and PTSD with the DSM-Ⅳ criteria.WHOQOL-BREF and three subscales of Symptoms Checklist 90 were also administered.Result The incidences of ASD and PTSD were 6 1% and 18 8% respectively,with a current PTSD prevalence of 7 2% at three months post.The subjects with PTSD diagnosis reported poorer quality of life and higher psychological symptoms.Logistic regression indicated that the PTSD diagnosis is predicted by gender,satisfaction with material support,and dissociative symptoms.Conclusion These results suggest that prevalence of postdisaster PTSD in China is similar to those reported elsewhere,which is relevant to a group of factors including preexisting and postearthquake variables.