高原汽车兵智力、记忆、心理测验分析

The Effect of Hypoxia and Stressful Task on Brain Functions

目的本文通过心理测验的方法了解高原低氧环境对常年频繁往返于西喀喇昆仑山３０００～５４００米不同海拔高度汽车兵脑功能的影响程度；方法：随机选择常年担负昆仑山运输任务的某汽车部队５０名驾驶员，于上山前（海拔１４００ｍ），途中（上山约８～１０次，任务完成半数测验地海拔３７００ｍ），下山后（全年任务完成返回驻地，海拔１４００ｍ）跟踪进行智力、记忆及多项心理测验；结果：途中和下山后智力平均水平显著低于上山前水平（ｐ＜０．０５），记忆测验，１－１００、１００－１、积累、记图、再认、触摸及ＭＱ（记忆商数）均较上山前显著减退（ｐ＜０．０１或ｐ＜０．０５），多项心理测验ＴＥＳＴ（视听简单反应时）、ＴＥＳＴ２（交叉动作反应时）均较上山前反应动作减慢，用时明显多于上山前（ｐ＜０．０１或ｐ＜０．０５），ＴＥＳＴ４（视觉反应和瞬态记忆）、ＴＥＳＴ５（视觉品质注意分配）中的分测验错误均较上山前错误次数显著增多（ｐ＜０．０５）；结论：低氧和不稳定的生活环境与人的智力，瞬态、短时记忆及数字顺序和操作功能变化有关。

Objective To study the effect of hypoxia on brain functions of military lorry drivers who shuttled between highland and plain frequently Method 50 drivers were sampled randomly from a troop responsible for transportation between the base(1400 metres above sea level)and stations(3000 4500 metres above sea level),all of them were born in plain and had undertakon the task of highland transportation for 4 10 years(6 5 years in average) The investigators followed them along their tasks and practiced the intelligent test and memory test three times:at the base before task,in the middle of the task(after 8 10 times shuttled between highland and base)in highland,and 20 days back to the base in the end The time between the first and second test was 4 month Result Most of the psychological tests demonstrated that the brain functions of the drivers in the middle of the task and just back to the base were lower than that before the task,such as lowered score in intelligent test and memory test,longer reaction time in simple visual auditory reaction,cross movement reaction and more mistakes in their reactions Conclusion Hypoxia in highland and the unstable life in stressful task had adverse effect on intelligent performance