北方半干旱区集雨补灌技术与灌溉制度研究

Reseach on Supplemental Irrigation Technology of Harvested Rainwater and Irrigation Schedule in Semi-arid Areas in North China

内蒙古准格尔旗属于黄土高原半干旱区,该区水资源严重缺乏,年内降雨时空分配极不平衡,造成降雨与作物需水期的严重错位,修建集雨蓄水工程进行集雨补灌有效缓解了水分供需错位的矛盾且为保证作物稳产高产提供了必要条件。采用工程集水、覆膜坐水、滴灌等措施,均能在一定程度上增加土壤有效水分,减少田间土壤水分损失,增加产量,达到防旱抗旱的目的。为此探讨了集雨补灌条件下所采用的灌溉技术以及灌溉制度的拟定,为集雨补灌旱作区节水农业的发展提供基本依据。

Zhungeer lies in semi-arid areas of the Loess Plateau in Inner Mongolia,where water is scarce and rainwater is imbalanced in time and space every year,which causes serious misplacement between rainfalls and water-needing crops,so it is very necessary to build projects of harvested rainwater and storage.It can resolve this problem.Adopting some measures,such as film plastic cover with soil,drip irrigation,and engineering storage,can increase effective water soil to a certain extent,decrease loss of water and increase yield.This paper explores the technology and system of irrigation,which serves as a theoretical foundation for the development of water-saving agriculture in supplemental irrigation of harvested rainwater arid areas.