高度近视者眼球结构与视力的关系

The Relationship between Eyeball Structure and Visual Acuity in High Myopia

目的探讨高度近视者眼球结构和视力的关系。方法对不同近视程度的志愿者共152人(283眼),依次检查视力、眼轴长度、眼底,然后分别根据屈光度、眼轴长度及眼底进行分级,探讨屈光度、眼轴长度及眼底近视改变与视力的关系,拟出视力与眼球结构指标的相关性数学模型。结果眼底分级、弧盘比值、眼轴长度、屈光度与视力呈中度相关(|r|>0.4,P<0.0001);当眼轴长度≥30.00mm、屈光度-20.00 D及以上、眼底分级为4级者,其视力多在0.5以下。建立了高度近视者眼球结构和视力的数学模型。结论高度近视眼视力随眼轴延长、屈光度加深、眼底病变程度加重而降低。综合、客观的眼球结构检查可以帮助判断和评估高度近视者的视力状况。

Objective To explore the relationship between eyeball structure and visual acuity in high myopia.Methods Totally,152 people（283 eyeballs） with different levels of myopia were tested for visual acuity,axial length,and fundus.All cases were classified according to diopter,axial length,and fundus.The relationships between diopter,axial length,fundus and visual acuity were studied.The mathematical models were established for visual acuity and eyeball structure markers.Results The visual acuity showed a moderate correlation with fundus class,comus,axial length and diopter（｜r｜0.4,P0.000 1）.The visual acuity in people with the axial length longer than 30.00 mm,diopter above-20.00 D and fundus in 4th class were mostly below 0.5.The mathematical models were established by visual acuity and eyeball structure markers.Conclusion The visual acuity should decline with axial length extension,diopter deepening and pathological deterioration of fundus.To detect the structure changes by combining different kinds of objective methods can help to assess and to judge the vision in high myopia.