试析21世纪初金三角地区替代发展及其面临的挑战

Explanation of Alternative Development in the Golden Triangle and the Corresponding Challenges in the Early 21st Century

替代发展是一种以可持续的合法经济替代毒品经济的长期经济发展战略。替代发展以相关国家政府与国际组织的长期政治、经济承诺为前提,针对毒品作物种植地区的贫困人群,借助因地制宜的经济发展方式推动区域经济的可持续发展,从而根除毒品作物种植以及毒品经济赖以存续的基础。随着金三角地区"替代发展"的深入展开,部分负面因素也随之凸显,其中缅北跨界民族武装的负面影响以及该地区罂粟种植的反弹趋势不容小觑。

Alternative development is a long-term strategy of economic development, which replaces drug economy with sustainable legal economy. Basing on the long-term political and economic promises of the relevant governments and international organizations, alternative development focuses on the low-income community cultivating opium poppy, makes use of the proper economic resolutions to promote the sustainable development in the corresponding region, and finally gets rid of the cultivations of opium poppy and the foundation of drug economy. With the further development of the alternative development in the Golden Triangle, some negative factors show clearly. Among them, the armed forces of the cross-border ethnicities in North Myanmar and the re-cultivation of opium poppy must not be ignored.