乡村领袖与湫神娘娘的亲密关系——关于地方信仰对联村组织建构作用的研究

The Intimate Relationship between Rural Leaders and Water Goddess——An Anthropological Study on the Role of Local Religion in Constructing Cross-village Organization

一个颇具创意的民间仪式使乡土领袖与湫神娘娘保持着一种眷属般的亲密关系,但污染禁忌和洁净仪式又使这种关系处于亲密与敬畏之间,两者的平衡既提升了女神的权威又强化了乡土领袖的社会地位。在祭献女神仪式中,两位联村领袖代表他们的村落联合体交换羊头、相互叩拜之举,实际上完成了从信仰一体化到组织一体化的过程。研究表明地方信仰仪式是传统乡土组织的孵化器。

An novelty local ritual convention creates an intimate husband-wife relationship between rural leaders and water goddess,but pollution taboos and purification rituals balance the relationship between awe and closeness.Such a relation not only strengthens the goddess＇ authority,but also improves rural leaders＇ society status.In a sacrificial rite,two rural leaders on behalf of his group of villages exchange sheep heads as offering to goddess,receive each others＇ kowtows.These metaphoric actions mean that the valley society in fact has finished a transition from religion integration to organization one.The study shows that local religion and ritual is the incubator of rural organization.