山东沿岸夏季栉孔扇贝大规模死亡原因分析

ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSES OF MASS MORTALITY OF FARMING Chlamys Farreri IN SUMMER IN COASTAL AREAS OF SHANDONG, CHINA

在对夏季高温期山东沿海栉孔扇贝（Ｃｈｌａｍｙｓ ｆａｒｒｅｒｉ）大规模死亡现状调查的基础 上，从山东沿岸栉孔扇贝养殖业发展的历史、生态、环境和种质等方面分析了栉孔扇贝大规 模死亡的原因。认为大规模死亡的根本原因是长期密集养殖导致养殖环境的老化或恶化及 栉孔扇贝抗逆能力的下降；而在夏季高温期，海区饵料明显不足，栉孔扇贝本身消耗增大、 养殖水体自身污染加剧及病原体大量滋生等是更为直接的原因。

The incidence of mass mortality of Chlamys farreri cultured in the coastal farming areas of Shandong Province during summer led us to investigate into its causes. From an analytical approach based on a consideration of the developmental history of its culture, ecological and environmental factors of the farming areas, and germplasm features, we are in elmed to believe that the main reasons could possibly be adverse environmental conditions or aging of environment brought about by long-term, continuous high stocking density resulting in decline of environmental tolerance of cultured species, but high water temperature, shortage of food, higher consumption of the scallops, self-pollution and pathogen blooms in summer may be the more direct causes.