军队离退休干部健康现状的多维度调查与分析

Multidimensional investigation and analysis on health status of military retired cadres

目的对军队离退休干部健康现状进行多维度调查与分析。方法借鉴国外老年综合健康评估(Compre-hensive Geriatric Assessment,CGA)方法 ,结合军队干部特点,集成和重构综合健康评估指标体系,从生理健康、日常活动能力、精神健康、社会适应能力4个维度,采用横断面研究设计和体检结合问卷调查的方式,对随机抽取的402名军队离退休干部进行多维健康调查和分析。结果军队离退休干部平均患病种数7.9个,患病率顺位前5位的病种分别为前列腺增生、白内障、脂肪肝、高脂血症、高血压。9.2%存在或有潜在营养不良,34.6%存在不同程度的日常生活能力受损,8.0%有个别步态和平衡能力受损,30.3%存在不同程度的认知功能下降,存在抑郁情绪的有3.9%,睡眠质量不好者占56.8%,社会适应能力处于中等水平的占37.8%。结论军队离退休干部往往多病共存,其病种结构较普通老年人群有所不同,且日常生活能力正在减退,出现了部分心理、社会适应能力问题。其中,认知能力减退是军队离退休干部值得关注的健康问题。

Objective To investigate multidimensionally and analyze the health status of military retired cadres. Methods Health assessments were integrated and reconstituted according to characteristics of military cadres receiving health care by referring to Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment （CGA）. Health conditions of 402 military retired cadres,including physical health,activities of daily living,mental health and adaptive ability to society,were investigated and analyzed with cross-sectional study combining questionnaire and physical examination. Results The average individual disease numbers in military retired cadres reached 7.9,in which hyperplasia of prostate,cataract,acidosis hepatica,hyperlipidemia and hypertensive disease were on top in turn. Potential malnutrition,limitation in abilities of daily living,damage of waling balance,cognitive dysfunction,depression,insomnia and moderate adaptive ability to society accounted for 9.2%,34.6%,8.0%,30.3%,3.9%,56.8% and 37.8% respectively in the popular. Conclusion Multi-diseases coexistence is the character of the health condition of military retired cadres and the entities in them are different compared with the general older popular. Their abilities of daily living are decreasing and even mental and society adaptive problems appear in some of them. Especially,it deserves attention that the cognitive abilities of military retired cadres are decreasing.