论造山作用和造山带

On Orogeny and Orogenic Belt

造山作用(orogeny)和造山带(orogenic belt)是地学界广泛使用的名词,但不同学者对它们的理解不尽一致,特别是在与成山作用(mountain building)和山脉(mountains)的关系上出现混淆现象。造山作用、造山带和成山作用、山脉是两组既有联系又有区别的概念,后者是自然地理名词,前者是构造名词,而且限于挤压作用所形成的构造现象和过程。根据这种理解,笔者将造山带划分为俯冲-碰撞造山带、断裂造山带、推覆造山带、断块造山带、增生造山带和转换造山带6种类型。

Orogeny and orogenic belt are terms widely used in various fields of geosciences. However, some authors have diversified meanings on them, esp, in relation to 'mountain building' and 'mountains' confusions are very often. To the present author, orogeny, orogenic belt, as well as monutain building and mountains, are of mutually related but different meaning concepts. The latter are physical geographical terms while the former are tectonic ones, which are restricted to those phenomena and processes formed under compressive regimes. In accordance with this un-derstanding six orogenic belts can be subdivided by the present author, namely, subduction- col-lision orogens, fault orogens, thrust-nappe orogens, block orogens, accretional orogens and transform orogens.