植物源除草剂壬酸除草活性及其应用技术的研究

Study on the herbicidal activity and applied technology of botanical pelargonic acid

在室内条件下测定30%壬酸EW对23种供试杂草的防除效果。结果表明:30%壬酸EW 11 250、15 000、22 500 g a.i./hm^2 3个剂量对供试杂草均有较好的防除效果,剂量越高,防除效果越好;阔叶杂草防效优于禾本科杂草;鲜重防效明显优于株数防效。田间应用效果趋势同室内一致。在20 000 g a.i./hm^2和25 000 g a.i./hm^2剂量下,田间用水量以750 L/hm^2的防治效果最好且差异显著。3 750 g a.i./hm^2剂量以上对麦子、油菜、水稻、草坪、花生、马铃薯等均有不同程度的药害,剂量越高,药害程度越重。

The control effects of 30% pelargonic acid EW on 23 species of weeds were tested in a laboratory. The result indicated that 30% pelargonic acid EW had a good weeding effect at a dose of 11 250,15000 or 22 500 g a. i./hm^2 , and the higher the dose, the better the weeding effect; Its weeding effect on broad leaf weeds was superior to that on gramineous weeds, and the weeding efficiency by fresh weight was higher than that by plant number. The field experiment showed that the effect in field had the same trend as that in a lab, and at the doses of 20 000 and 25 000 g a. i./hm^2 both best control effects on weeds in field could be obtained under the field water rate of 750 L/hm^2 and were significantly different（P〈0.05）. Application of 30% pelargonic acid EW at the dose of 3 750 g a. i./hm^2 and above could injure the tested crops such as wheat, rapeseed, rice, turf,peanut and potato to different extents,and the higher the dose,the heavier the injury. It was concluded that 30% pelargonic acid EW was actually a fast-acting,broad-spectrum and nonselective contact herbicide.