甲壳动物中的酚氧化酶原激活系统研究评价

THE RESEARCH REVIEW OF PROPHENOLOXIDASE ACTIVATING SYSTEM IN CRUSTACEAN

依据80—90年代国际关于甲壳动物免疫机制的资料，对甲壳动物中的酚氧化酶原激活系统的研究进展予以综合评价，目的在于为中国科技工作者防治虾蟹类疾病提供参考。现有的研究表明，甲壳动物中的酚氧化酶原激活系统可被微生物多糖激活，在激活过程中产生一系列活性物质，通过多种形式参与宿主防御反应。在甲壳动物中，与proPO系统有关的因子正在被逐步纯化出来。proPO可由内源蛋白酶转化成活性形式，存在调节因子调节proPO系统的释放与激活。与proPO系统有关的两种蛋白即76kD蛋白和BGBP－L直接参与细胞间信息传递。该系统在甲壳动物的识别、防卫及细胞间信息传递中发挥着重要作用。

Based on 1980's and 1990's data of the immunity system in crustaceans, theprophenoloxidase system is assessed in order to help the scientific researchers prevent and controlcrustacean diseases in China. Recent progress shows that the prophenoloxidase achvating system incrustaceans can be activated by very few microbial polysacchalldes. Sevefal components are producedduring the activation and involved in host defence. Some proteins associared with theproptienoloxidase system have been possible to be isolated and pdrified. It is clear thatproptienoloxidase can be turned into its active form by an endogenous Proteinase and the regulatoryfactors are present which will regulate prophenoloxiclase system achvation. The 76kD Protein and β-1,3-glucan binding protein are involved in the comrnndcation between different blood cells. Theprophenoloxidase system plays an important role in the host recognition, defence and cell-to-cellcommunication.