镉胁迫对不同砧穗组合葡萄植株镉吸收规律和果实品质的影响

Uptake of cadmium in grapevine with different scion-rootstock combinations and their fruit quality analysis under cadmium stress

以3年生盆栽不同砧穗组合葡萄植株为供试材料,加入氯化镉(CdCl2)以模拟成15mg·kg-1Cd2+的Cd污染土壤,研究镉在不同砧穗组合葡萄植株内的吸收和分配规律以及对果实品质的影响。结果表明:Cd在不同组合葡萄植株的积累浓度由高到低顺序均为:根系>茎>叶片>果实,不同组合葡萄植株镉含量和果实品质存在显著的差异。所有葡萄植株的果实Cd积累质量分数均低于我国绿色食品Cd限量标准(0.03mg·kg-1,FW),然而自根苗果实Cd质量分数(0.028mg·kg-1,FW)非常接近0.03mg·kg-1FW,嫁接葡萄植株果实的Cd含量均显著低于自根苗,大约为自根苗的20%～86%,Y/华佳8号、Y/SO4和Y/5BB葡萄果实的Cd含量较低。嫁接降低了葡萄果实中的Cd含量,从一定程度上减轻了人类的Cd暴露风险。不同组合葡萄植株果实的品质存在差异,嫁接提高了Cd胁迫下葡萄果实的可溶性糖(Y/SO4除外)和花青苷含量,降低了可滴定酸含量,提高了果实品质。

A pot culture experiment was adopted with three-year-old grapevine plants under cadmium（Cd）stress of 15 mg·kg-1 concentration.Cd accumulation and distribution in grapevine plants with different scion-rootstock combinations and their fruit quality were investigated.Results showed that there were obvious different Cd concentration with different organs as in sequence of rootshootleaffruit and that there was significant difference in Cd accumulation and fruit quality among scion-rootstock combinations.The Cd concentration in fruits of all grapevines with different scion-rootstock combinations were lower than 0.03 mg·kg-1 fresh weight（FW）,which was the limit of Cd concentration in foods by China law.However,the Cd concentration in fruits of self-rooted grapevine was 0.028 mg·kg-1 FW,almost approaching to the limit of 0.03 mg·kg-1 FW.The Cd concentrations in fruits of grafted grapevines were significantly lower than those of self-rooted ones,being about 20%～86%of the self-rooted grapevine.Y/Huajia NO.8,Y/SO4,and Y/5BB had the lowest fruit Cd concentration.Grafting reduced the concentration of fruit Cd accumulation and minimized the risk of Cd entering the food chain.Grape fruit quality was significantly influenced by different scion-rootstock com-binations under Cd stress.The total soluble solids content（except for Y/SO4）and anthocyanin in all grafted grapevines was significantly higher than that of self-rooted plants.The titratable acid content in fruits was significant lower in grafted grapevines than that of self-rooted ones.Therefore,the fruit quality was improved through grafting under Cd stress.