脱细胞猪真皮基质治疗气管瘢痕狭窄的实验研究

Experimental research of the treatment of tracheal stenosis with the porcine acellular dermal matrix

目的研究脱细胞猪真皮基质促进气管纤毛上皮修复、抑制瘢痕形成的可行性。方法制造3cm气管黏膜环形缺损的小型猪动物模型，用脱细胞猪真皮基质覆盖修复创面。术后定期处死动物观察创面修复、细胞外基质和成纤维细胞生长代谢情况。结果采用脱细胞猪真皮基质修复创面，1个月内创面被假复层纤毛上皮完全覆盖，6个月观察期内无瘢痕增生。细胞外基质排列较规则，纤维连接蛋白，I、III型胶原半定量统计与对照组有显著差别。结论脱细胞猪真皮基质能有效促进气管黏膜上皮缺损的修复，并能有效抑制瘢痕的形成。其抑制瘢痕形成的机制是通过指导细胞外基质合成代谢来实现的。

OBJECTIVE To observe the healing process of minipig＇s tracheal mucosal defect repaired with the allogeneic pordne acellular dermal matrix, and to study mechanism of porcine acellular dermal matrix （ADM） in promoting the repair of tracheal ciliated epithelium and inhibiting scar formation. METHODS An animal model of minipig with circumferential tracheal mucosa defect of 3cm in length was designed. The defect of the mucosa was covered with porcine aceUular dermal matrix and a silicon intra-trachea stent was placed in the trachea to fix the acellular dermal matrix. The animals were sacrificed on schedule for investigation of the recovery of the wound, the arrangement and composition of extracellular matrix and the biological activity and anabolic metabolism of fibroblast. RESULTS For the experimental group, all the wounds were whole covered by ciliated epithelium at one month and hypertrophic scar wasn＇t observed at 6 months. The extracellular matrix ranked regularly. A significant difference between the experimental group and the control group was found in terms of fibronectin, type I and III collagen. CONCLUSION The porcine acellular dermal matrix could effectively promote the repairing process of epithelium mucosa defect in trachea as well as avoiding the formation of scar.