2009年泉州市鼠疫监测分析

Monitoring of Plague in Quangzhou City in 2009

目的了解泉州市鼠疫宿主动物的种群构成及数量分布情况,为鼠疫防治工作积累基础资料。方法采用夜笼法捕鼠,并对鼠类及捡获蚤类进行鉴定,计算鼠染蚤率和蚤指数;采用鼠疫RPHA和IHA法等检测鼠疫F1抗体。结果 2009年共捕获鼠形动物2134只,鼠种以褐家鼠和黄胸鼠为主,分别占51.15%和26.66%,两者差异有统计学意义(t=2.783,P=0.019);总鼠密度5.71%,其中山区和沿海地区鼠密度分别为(4.84%±1.51%)、(6.58%±2.01%),差异无统计学意义(t=1.197,P=0.297);鼠体总蚤指数和染蚤率分别为1.16和31.52%;印鼠客蚤指数为1.06,游离蚤指数为0.008,这些指标在山区和沿海地区鼠差异均无统计学意义;鼠疫实验室检测用4种方法均未查出鼠疫F1抗体。结论褐家鼠仍是泉州市主要鼠种,主要蚤种是印鼠客蚤,未发现鼠间鼠疫流行迹象。

Objective To examine the composition and distribution of animal reservoir of plague in Quangzhou city,and to accumulate basic data for plague prevention and control. Methods Rodents were captured by cages and then identified. Flea index was determined and plague RPHA and IHA methods were used to test for the specific antibodies. Results 2 134 rodents were captured in 2009. Rattus norvegicus and Rattus flavipectus,accounting for 51.15% and 26.66% of the total species,were the major species. The overall density of rodents was 5.71%,in which 4.84% was for the coastal areas and 6.58% for the mountain areas. Total flea index of rodents and flea infection rate of rodents was 1.16 and 31.52%,respectively. The index of Xenopsylla cheopis was 1.06. The total free flea index was 0.008. The results of total flea index of rodents,flea infection rate of rodents,index of Xenopsylla cheopis and total free flea index obtained in the mountain areas was not significantly different from the coastal areas. F1 antibody was not detected by RPHA and IHA. Conclusion The major rodent species found in Quangzhou city is Rattus norvegicus. Xenopsylla cheopis is the dominant species of flea in these animals. Spreading of plague among rattus was not found.