某厂枪弹制造作业人员肝癌死亡队列研究

Cohort Mortality Study of Liver Cancer among Bullet Manufacturers

对某厂枪弹制造作业人员肝癌死亡进行了回顾性队列研究。观察组１９２８人，观察２７７８２人年，对照组６７６人，观察９７０１人年，失访率均低于５％。观察期从１９８１年１月１日至１９９５年１２月３１日。以哈市一般人群为参比标准时，观察组男性肝癌标化死亡比（ＳＭＲ）为１７９（９５％ＣＩ１１３～２６８）。与对照组比，年龄分层相对危险度（ＲＲＴ）为１５４；观察组中熔铜工男性ＳＭＲ４４８（９５％ＣＩ１６４～９７５），ＲＲＴ为４５０（Ｐ＜００１）。观察组饮酒男性ＳＭＲ是２３９（９５％ＣＩ１３１～４０２），对照组不饮酒男性１例肝癌死亡。调查结果提示：观察组熔铜工接触的职业有害因素与饮酒可能对该队列肝癌死亡超量有协同作用。

A retrospective cohort mortality study of liver cancer was conducted among 1928 bullet workers(27782person years),with 676 mechanics(9701 personyears)as the controls within a definite period from Jan1, 1981 to Dec31,1995.In comparison with the general population in Harbin,standard mortality ratio(SMR)of liver cancer was 179(95% CI 113268)and RRT was 154.In the male copper smelters,SMR of liver cancer was 448(95% CI 164975)and RRT was 450( P <001).SMR of alcoholics of male copper smelters was 239(95% CI 131402),while one case of liver in nonalcoholics of the control group was found.The results showed that in alcoholics of coppersmelters an excessive mortality for liver cancer( P <001)was seen.