供应商管理库存研究现状及展望

A Review of Research on Vendor Managed Inventory

自20世纪80年代宝洁与沃尔玛成功实施供应商管理库存(VMI)以来,VMI开始受到学术界的广泛关注。这种库存管理策略打破了传统的各自为政的库存管理模式,体现了供应链的集成化管理思想,是一种新的、有代表性的库存管理思想。从VMI内涵、VMI效果、VMI与信息共享、VMI运作优化以及利益协调几个方面对VMI的研究进行了文献综述。通过文献研究后发现存在以下不足:①现有的VMI实施效果评价方法过于单一;②需求与提前期均随机的情况研究的不多;③建立成本模型时运输成本设计过于简化;④一对多的VMI利益协调方法还有待于进一步拓展。最后,针对上述研究不足,提出了该领域进一步研究的思路,如可运用系统评价的方法对VMI实施效果评价进行综合评价,可探讨需求与提前期均随机时的VMI运作优化问题等,希望能对该问题的深入研究起到有益的促进作用。

Since the successful i mplementation by Wal-Mart and Procter Gamble in the late 1980＇s,vendor managed inventory（VMI） began to receive widespread attention in academic circles. This inventory management policy is far from the traditional independent inventory management mode,and reflects the integrated supply chain management idea. So,it is a new representative inventory management mode. In this paper,a literature review is presented from the aspects of the meaning of VMI,the effect of VMI,VMI and information sharing,operational optimization of VMI and profit coordination. Then,some deficiencies are showed that：①the evaluation methods of VMI effect are not various; ②the study when demand and lead time are random is few; ③transportation cost is too simplified when establishing the total cost model; ④the method of profit coordination needs to be further expanded in the VMI with one vendor and multiple buyers. Finally,further research directions of VMI were also discussed. For example,some systematic evaluation methods may be applied to evaluating the effect of VMI,and the VMI operation optimization problems with random demand and lead time are also worthy of study.