脲醛缓释肥料红外光谱分析及养分释放特性研究

Study of Ureaform Slow-Release Fertilizers by Infrared Spectrometry and Nutrient Release Characteristics

采用红外光谱分析法、水中溶出法和土壤培养法,探讨了4种不同种类的脲醛缓释肥料的结构特性及养分释放特性。结果表明:2种脲甲醛(UF和MU)肥料的红外光谱图相似,异丁叉二脲(IBDU)和丁烯叉二脲(CDU)的红外光谱图可反映其结构特征,用红外光谱法可以对脲醛缓释肥料进行定性分析。4种脲醛缓释肥料在水、土两种介质中的养分释放特性有较大的差异。可以用冷水不溶性氮、热水不溶性氮以及活性指数来表征脲甲醛的释放性能,并且活性指数越高,释放速率越快。

The infrared spectrometry, water dissolution and soil culture are used to investigate the structural properties and nutrient release characteristics of four different kinds of ureaform slow-release fertilizers. The results indicate that the infrared spectrums of two ureaform fertilizers（ UF and MU） are similar, the spectrograms of IBDU and CDU reflect their structural properties, and infrared spectrometry can be employed to carry out qualitative analysis of ureaform slow-release fertilizers. Four ureaform slow-release fertilizers show great differences in their nutrient release characteristics in the two mediums, i.e. water and soil. Coldater insoluble nitrogen, hot-water insoluble nitrogen and activity index can be used to show the release property of ureaform, and the higher the activity index, the faster the release rate.