中心ICU清醒患者负性心理的研究及干预

A study on unhealthy psychic reaction of patients in intensive care unit and mental nursing

目的分析中心ICU患者的负性心理反应,并探讨有效而实用的心理干预。方法采用ICU患者心理护理调查量表对85例入住中心ICU的清醒患者进行心理调查,测定其心理压力因素,针对患者的负性心理进行心理干预,并对其效果进行评估。结果 ICU患者常见的负性心理反应:对死亡的担忧和恐惧、疼痛及不理解治疗措施等等。心理护理前后比较,患者负性心理反应发生百分率均有所降低:对死亡担忧和恐惧(62.4% vs 20.0%),疼痛(45.9%vs20.0%),不理解治疗措施(30.6% vs 7.1%)。结论针对ICU患者的负性心理反应进行心理干预,有助于稳定患者情绪,促其配合治疗和早日康复。

Objective To study the negativity psychic reaction of patients in intensive care unit （ ICU） and the mental nursing measures for them.Methods The conscious patients in ICU were surveyed using the mental examination measuring scale,and the mental stress factors of 85 cases were examined.Mental nursing directly aimed at unhealthy psychological reaction was given to the patients.They were examined for the second time.Results The most common negativity psychic reaction of patients in ICU were being afraid of death,pain,unknowing of treatment,and so on.The incidence of all of negativity psychic reactions decreased,after received mental nursing.Being afraid of death（62.4% vs 20.0%）,pain（45.9% vs 20.0%）,unknowing of treatment（30.6% vs 7.1 %）.Conclusion Most patients in ICU suffered from different degrees of adverse mental reactions such as depression and anxiety.Mental nursing aimed directly at the unhealthy psychic reaction can help the patients in ICU to cooperate with the treatment and recover better.