五种常见农药对水螅的单一和联合急性毒性

The Single and Binary-Combined Acute Toxicities of Five Common Pesticides on Hydra Magnipapillata

以大乳头水螅(Hydra magnipapillata)为实验材料,通过单因子静态急性毒性实验法和等毒性溶液法,分别研究了甲氰菊酯、百草枯、乐果、敌敌畏和草甘膦对水螅的单一和复合毒性效应.单一毒性实验结果表明,五种农药对水螅毒性大小的顺序为百草枯>甲氰菊酯>乐果>草甘膦>敌敌畏.复合毒性试验表明,甲氰菊酯与乐果和敌敌畏,百草枯与敌敌畏对水螅的联合毒性表现出协同效应;百草枯与甲氰菊酯和乐果,敌敌畏与草甘膦对水螅的联合急性毒性表现为拮抗作用;甲氰菊酯、百草枯、乐果与草甘膦,敌敌畏与乐果在不同的浓度水平组合下表现出不同的毒性效应.

Single-factor acute toxicities and equi-toxicity solution tests were used to evaluate the effect of single and binary-combined contamination of fenpropathrin,paraquat,dimethoate,dichlorvos and glyphosate to Hydra magnipapillata.The single contamination results showed that the toxic sequence of the five pesticides was paraquatfenpropathrindimethoateglyphosatedichlorvos.The binary-combined contamination results indicated that the fenpropathrin was synergitic to both dimethoate and dichlorvos,and the paraquat was also synergitic to dichlorvos.Whereas,the paraquat was antagonistic to both fenpropathrin and dimethoate,and dichlorvos was antagonistic to glyphosate.Additionally,the joint toxicities of glyphosate with fenpropathrin,paraquat and dimethoate,dichlorvos with dimethoate showed different concentration ratio toxic effects between them.