汉羌彝中学生负面身体自我和应对方式与主观幸福感的关系

On the Relationship Between Negative Physical Self,Coping Strategies and Subjective Well-being Among Middle School Students of the Han,Qiang and Yi Nationalities

采用问卷调查的方法,对900名初一至高三学生的负面身体自我和应对方式特点及其与主观幸福感的关系进行了研究.结果表明:(1)羌族中学生在负面身体自我量表总分及其负整体特征、相貌、胖三个维度和消极应对显著高于汉族或彝族中学生,而瘦的维度得分显著低于汉族中学生;学习成绩为优、良的中学生在负面身体自我量表总分及其整体特征、相貌两个维度和消极应对方式上评分显著低于学习成绩为中、差的中学生;父亲职业为工人或知识分子的中学生在负面身体自我量表总分及其矮、瘦、胖维度和消极应对上明显高于父亲职业为农民的中学生,同样母亲职业为工人或知识分子的中学生在瘦、胖两个维度和消极应对上得分明显高于父亲职业为农民的中学生.(2)中学生的瘦和积极应对方式与主观幸福感的各维度(除环境满意度)呈显著正相关,负面身体自我的其他各维度和消极应对方式与主观幸福感的各维度(除环境满意度)呈显著负相关.(3)多元回归分析表明,对于生活满意度和正性情感,整体特征为负向预测,积极应对为正向预测;相貌对生活满意度是负性预测,对正性情感则是正性预测.对于负性情感,整体特征、相貌、胖和消极应对为负向预测,积极应为正向预测.

A questionnaire survey was conducted among 900 students（involving students from Junior One to Senior Three） so as to find out their negative physical self,the characteristics of their coping strategy,their subjective well-being and the relationship in between. The results indicated that：1. The Qiang middle school students scored much higher than their Han peers when checked by the total Negative Physical Self Scale（NPS） in aspects of the total score,the three sub-dimensions（overall feature,appearance,fatness ） and negative coping; while in the dimension of thinness,their scores are significantly lower than that of their Han peers. With NPS,in the two sub-dimensions （overall feature,appearance） and Negative coping,the students whose Academic performance were excellent or good scored significantly lower than the students whose Academic performance were secondary or poor. With NPS,in the three sub-dimensions （Shortness,thinness,fatness ） and Negative coping,the students with a worker father or intellectual father scored significantly higher than those with a peasant father. Regarding the dimensions of thinness,fatness and Negative coping,students with a worker mother or intellectual mother scored significantly higher than those with a peasant mother. 2. There was significantly positive relationship in between the three dimensions（thinness,positive coping and SWB） （degree of satisfaction towards environment excluded） of middle school students,but there was significantly negative relationship between overall feature,appearance,shortness ,fatness,negative coping and SWB （environment satisfaction not included）. 3. A multiple regression analysis showed that the satisfaction degree towards life,positive sentiment and overall feature tend to be negative prediction and positive coping tends to be negative prediction; appearance to degree of satisfaction towards life tends to be negative prediction; appearance to positive sentiments tends to be positive prediction; as for positive sentiments,they tend to be negative prediction when considered against the overall feature,appearance,fatness and negative coping; it tends to be positive prediction when considered against positive coping.