奥托昆普粗铜闪速熔炼工艺

Outokumpu blister flash smelting processes

只用一步熔炼产出粗铜,较早以前就已可行,即使是对于低品位精矿也是如此。尽管有明显的优点,但是只有使用Cu/Fe比和Cu/S比足够高的专门物料,经济上才可行。目前有3个工厂采用奥托昆普粗铜闪速熔炼工艺,不远的将来另外3个工厂也将使用这种工艺。对于典型的黄铜矿精矿,有两个因素阻碍了直接炼粗铜工艺更广泛的应用:造渣及热量的产生。直接炼粗铜面临的一个挑战是含铜较高的炉渣对炉子耐火材料内衬的腐蚀。连续操作的奥托昆普粗铜直接闪速熔炼中,通过阻止熔体在沉淀池中的剧烈运动解决这一挑战。直接炼粗铜的这些挑战是从设备和工艺发展的观点来看的。本文介绍和讨论了克服这些障碍的新的解决办法。

Copper smelting to form blister in one single step has been possible for a long time even from low grade concentrates. In spite of obvious benefits, it has been economically viable only with few special raw materials having high enough Cu/Fe and Cu/S ratio. Outokumpu blister flash smelting is currently applied at three opera- tions, and three others will be commissioned in the near future. With typical chalcopyrite concentrates two main obstacles have prevented wider adaptation of direct blister pro- cessing： slag formation and heat generation. One challenge in direct blister smelting relates to the attack of aggressive high-copper containing slag against furnace refractory lining. In continuously operated 0utokumpu Direct Blister Flash Smelting this is taken care of by preventing vigorous melt movement in the settler. These direct blister smelting challenges are addressed from equipment and process development point of view New solutions to overcome the obstacles are presented and discussed.