2004-2009年安岳县麻疹流行病学特征分析

Epidemiology of Measles in Anyue,2004-2009

目的分析2004-2009年安岳县麻疹发病与流行趋势,为控制和消除麻疹提供依据。方法对2004-2009年安岳县麻疹监测系统确诊的632例病例进行流行病学分析。结果 2004-2006年麻疹发病率呈下降趋势,2007年发病数显著上升,且呈现散发与局部暴发并存的态势。2008年3月全县开展8月龄1~5岁儿童普种麻疹疫苗,疫情得到明显控制,2009年发病数仅有3例。发病高峰集中在3-7月;病例中有免疫史的占30.54%,无免疫史和免疫史不详的占44.78%和24.68%。结论麻疹初免及加强免疫接种不及时、流动儿童增多是造成麻疹发病上升的主要原因。提高麻疹疫苗接种质量和及时接种率,加强流动人口管理是控制麻疹暴发和流行的重要手段。

Objective To analyze the incidence trend of measles in Anyue from 2004 to 2009 and provide evidence for the control and elimination of measles.Methods Epidemiological analysis was conducted on 632 measles cases confirmed through the measles surveillance system in Anyue during this period.Results The incidence rate of measles decreased from 2004 to 2006,but the measles cases in 2007 increased significantly.The sporadic cases and local outbreaks were all observed.After vaccination of measles to children from 8 months to 15 years old in 2008,only 3 cases were reported in 2009.The seasonal peak was found to be during March July.The cases with vaccination history accounted for 30.54%,those without vaccination history accounted for 44.78% and those with unknown vaccination history accounted for 24.68%.Conclusion The main factors contributing to high incidence of measles included the delay of first dose and booster dose of measles vaccine,and the increase of floating population.It is important to improve the vaccination quality,increase timely vaccination rate and strengthen the management of floating population to control the outbreak of measles.