后熟阶段的人参(Panax ginseng C.A.Mey)种子对脱水和贮存温度的反应

Effect of drying and storage temperature on ginseng (Panax ginsengC. A. Mey) seed at post-maturation stage

完成形态后熟和生理后熟期中的人参（PanaxyinsenyC．A．Mey）湿润种子的含水量由47％降至9．4％和5．8％，形成于籽后保存于室温，0～5℃和-196℃条件下1～3年。保存后的形态后熟于籽再低温处理，继续完成生理后熟。结果显示：完成形态后熟的种子在1～5℃保存1年后，种子胚根能萌发，但胚轴、胚芽不能正常生长，保存3年，种子丧失生活力；生理后熟期中的种子在0～5℃保存1年尚能正常出苗，出苗率为44．0％，保存3年，种胚已不能正常发育。但是在-196℃保存3年后，出苗率同保存在0～5C1年的相近．仍为43．1％。说明完成形态后熟种子还没有产生足够的脱水耐性，而经低温层积处理于生理后熟期中的种子就具有了这种耐性，并能进行低温短期或超低温长期保存。

Moist ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Mey ) seeds at morphological post-maturation and physiologicalpost-matutration stages were dried from moisture content of 47 % to 9. 4 % and 5. 8 % respectively. The dried seeds were stored at ambient temperature. 0.5℃ and- 196℃ (in liquid nitrogen) for 1- 3 years. Seeds at maturation post-stage were placed at low temperature to complete physiological post-maturation after 1- 3 years storge. The results showed that radical emergence was observed in seeds at morphological post-maturation stage that was stored at 0-5℃ for 1 year but abnormal hypocotyl and bud were also detected. Seed viability was all lost in seeds at morpho lgical post-maturation stage sloted at 0-5℃ for 3 years. Normal growth were observed from seeds at physiological post-maturation stages after 1 year storage at 0 -5℃ with a seedling emergence percentage of 44. 0 %. however.normal development of embryos was not observed from same seeds after 3 years storage at 0-5℃. Seedling emergence percentage of seeds stored at- 196℃ for 3 years was 43.1 % .similar to those stored at 0-5℃ for 1 year. It is concluded that drying tolerance is not well developed in seeds at morphological post-maturation stage while it is well developed in seeds at physiological post-maturation stage which lead to the possibility of short term storage of ginseng seeds low temperature and long-term storage by cryopreseration.