甘蔗耐低磷基因型的筛选及其部分生理特征的研究

Studies on Screening for Low-Phosphorus-Tolerating Genotypies and some Relative Physiological Traits of Sugarcane

通过盆栽砂培试验，浇灌含有不同磷浓度（１．０、０．２、０．１、０．０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）的Ｈｏａｇｌａｎｄ培养液，以地上部生物量的相对变化为指标，判别不同甘蔗基因型对低磷和缺磷的忍耐能力；并研究了不同甘蔗基因型在低磷和缺磷条件下的光合能力、无机磷含量、酸性磷酸酯酶活性的变化结果表明：粤糖５７－４２３、热带种（ｂａｄｉｌａ）忍耐低磷和缺磷的能力较差，粤糖７１－２１０、粤糖８５－１７７、粤糖８１－３４５４、桂糖１号忍耐低磷和缺磷的能力较强，粤糖７９－１７７、粤糖６３－２３７、台糖Ｆ－１７２、新台糖１０号等居中；台糖Ｆ－１３４只适应低磷条件各基因型的单位叶面积净光合速率随供磷水平降低未见下降，个别基因型反见升高；单叶光合量随供磷水平降低而下降，耐低磷基因型的单叶光合量下降不明显叶片无机磷含量呈“稳态”现象。

It had evaluated tolerance of serveral sugarcane genotypes to low or no phosphorus supply, according to relative changes of biomass,by addition of nutrient solution with different level of phosphate( 1.0, 0.2,0.1,0.0 mMol/L in Hoagland solution) to sandy culture in pot trial;meanwhile,the changes of photosynthesis ability,inorganic phosphate concentration and acid phosphatase activity in leaves were also determined.The results showed that among those genotypes yuetang 57-423 and Badila have low tolerance to low or no phosphorus supply;yuetang 71-210,yuetang 85-177,yuetang 81-3254, guitang 1 have the highest tolerance; while yuetang 79-177,yuetang 63-237,taitang 172,new taitang 10 are moderate;taitang 134 could just adapted to low phosphorus condition.The net photosynthesis rate of unit leaf area didn't change significantly in most case but increase in some case and the total yield of photosynthsis of per leaf decreased with decreasing of phosphate supply,the later is not true in low-phosphorus-tolerating genotypies(i.e yuetang 71-210,yuetang 85-177).The concentration of inorganic phosphate is in steady-state,and activity of acid phosphatase enhanced with decreasing phosphate supply.