森林可燃物及其管理的研究进展与展望

Contemporary studies and future perspectives of forest fuel and fuel management

森林可燃物是森林生态系统的基本组成部分,是影响林火发生及火烧强度的重要因素之一,因此,受到国内外学者的广泛关注。该文从以下4个方面综述了国内外可燃物研究的最新进展:森林可燃物特性,森林可燃物类型与火行为,森林可燃物类型、载量的调查与制图,森林可燃物管理。同时提出了我国森林可燃物今后的研究方向:开展多尺度可燃物研究;可燃物类型与火行为的研究;把以试验观测为基础的静态研究与以空间技术和生态模型为基础的动态预测相结合,研究可燃物处理效果;全球气候变化背景下可燃物处理与碳收支。

Fuel is the basic component of forest ecosystems. It is one of the most important factors that influence forest fire ignition and fire severity. Hence,it has drawn much attention from researchers worldwide. We reviewed the cur-rent status of forest fuel studies from four aspects：1） forest fuel properties,including physical and chemical prop-erties,and flammability of forest fuels,2） fuel models and fire behaviors,3） methodologies for inventory and mapping of fuel types and fuel loads,and 4） forest fuel management. We also discuss the future direction in forest fuel studies,including 1） forest fuel studies at site,regional,and country-wide scales,2） fuel models and fire behaviors,3） combining observational and experimental studies with computer simulation and spatial analysis technologies for long-term predictions of fuel treatment effects over large landscapes,and 4） fuel treatment and carbon budget under global climate change. There are significant implications for forest fire management and forest fuel research in China.