“5.12”汶川地震灾区的道路交通事故调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Road Traffic Accidents after "5.12" Wenchuan Earthquake

"5.12"汶川地震是我国建国以来在山地发生的烈度最高、波及范围最广的地震。为研究地震对道路交通安全的影响规律,调查并分析了北川县和安县在地震前后的交通事故变化情况。发现灾区的交通事故发生次数和伤亡人数较震前大幅增加,事故致死率提高,事故的交通方式分布、24 h分布、形态分布以及成因等特征均有明显改变。分析认为这与地震造成的道路损坏、次生山地灾害,以及灾后出现的道路非交通占用、交通量激增、交通流的时空分布与构成变化、交通管理执法力度减弱和人们的心理变化等因素有关。

＂5.12＂ Wenchuan Earthquake has been the earthquake with the highest intensity and the widest destructive range in the mountainous area since our country was founded.In order to research the law that the earthquake affects the road traffic safety,the change of Beichuan county and Anxian county before and after the earthquake is investigated and analyzed.It is found that traffic accidents and casualties in the disaster area are substantially increased than ever before;the accident death rate is enhanced;the transportation mode distribution,the 24-hour distribution,the form distribution and the causes of accidents have also been obviously changed.It is concluded that these changes are related to the road damages and secondary mountainous region disasters caused by the earthquake;they are also related to the path occupied by non-transportation,the traffic capacity rapidly increased,the time and spatial distribution as well as the composition change of traffic flow;besides,they are related to the weakening of the implement degree of traffic laws and the change of people＇s psychology etc.