王国维《宋元戏曲史》“意境”说刍议

Some Discussions on the Artistic Imaginary Created by WANG Guo-wei in The Theatrical History of Song and Yuan Dynasties

王国维《宋元戏曲史》拈出"意境"一词,以之论元剧之美。对于中国古典文学中的意境,历来学术界争论较多,但基本观点偏重于情景交融、虚实相生、形神兼备的艺术境界。王国维所论元剧"意境"之美则侧重于表现戏剧情景逼真、语言质朴、自然通俗、落尽铅华之美。王国维慧眼独具发现了元剧之意境美,并从理论上论证了其别样之美,从而奠定了元剧在文学史上的独特地位。

In The Theatrical History of Song and Yuan Dynasties,WANG Guo-wei picked up the term artistic imaginary to evaluate the beauty of Yuan Drama.This term,aroused many disputes within the field of Chinese classical literature over the years,originally referred to the perfect fusion and unity of feeling and setting,real and imaginary,form and spirit.But In WANG＇S comments on the beauty of Yuan Drama＇s artistic imaginary,he laid particular stresses on the realistic settings of the drama,especially the natural and unaffected language which was full of dialects and colloquialism.WANG Guo-wei,being insightful and resourceful,was the only person who discovered and demonstrated the beauty of the artistic imaginary of Yuan Drama and thus established its unique position in the literary history.